AI Knowledge Base

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a supervised learning algorithm based on statistical learning theory, mainly used for classification and regression analysis. The core objective is to find an optimal decision hyperplane that separates data points of different categories and maximizes the difference between the two...

Evaluation Metrics (Evaluation Metrics) is a system of quantitative criteria to measure the performance of machine learning models. It is like a multidimensional physical examination report to comprehensively assess the health status of the human body. In the classification task, Accuracy reflects the overall rate of correct judgment of the model, and Precision (Pr...

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) represents a cutting-edge branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on automating the design of the structure of neural networks.

Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) is an important variant of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), proposed in 2014 by Mehdi Mirza et al. In contrast to traditional generative adversarial ...

Grid Search is an automated method for systematically finding optimal hyperparameter combinations in machine learning. This method exhausts all possible parameter combinations by predefining a range of candidate values for each hyperparameter, training the model one by one and evaluating the performance, and ultimately selecting the best-performing hyper...

Random Search (RS) is a hyperparametric optimization method that finds the optimal configuration by randomly sampling candidate points in the parameter space.

Data Augmentation (DA) is a technical approach to expanding training datasets by artificially creating new data.

The Naive Bayes algorithm is a supervised learning algorithm based on Bayes' theorem. Naive Bayes is based on Bayes' theorem. The "naive" part is the assumption that the features are conditionally independent of each other. Simplifying the assumptions greatly reduces the computational complexity and makes the algorithm efficient in practical applications.

K-Means Clustering (K-Means Clustering) is a classical unsupervised machine learning algorithm. It is mainly used to divide a dataset into K disjoint clusters. The goal of the algorithm is to assign n data points to the K clusters so that each data point belongs to the cluster corresponding to its nearest cluster center.

Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) is the basic and widely used artificial neural network model. The core feature is that the connections in the network do not form any loops or feedback paths, and the information flows strictly unidirectionally from the input layer to the output layer, after a...

K-Nearest Neighbors (K-Nearest Neighbors) are instance-based supervised learning algorithms that can be used for classification and regression tasks.

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), an artificial neural network specifically designed to process data with a grid structure, has excelled in the field of image and video analysis.

Cross-Validation is a core method for assessing the generalization ability of a model in machine learning.The basic idea is to split the original data into a training set and a test set, and to obtain more reliable performance estimates by rotating the use of different data subsets for training and validation. This approach simulates ...

Random Forest (Random Forest) is an integrated learning algorithm that accomplishes machine learning tasks by constructing multiple decision trees and synthesizing their predictions. The algorithm is based on the Bootstrap aggregation idea, where multiple subsets of samples are randomly drawn from the original dataset with putback for each tree...

Loss Function (Loss Function) is a core concept in Machine Learning, undertaking the important task of quantifying the prediction error of a model. This function mathematically measures the degree of difference between the model's predicted value and the true value, providing a clear directional guide for model optimization.

In machine learning, a hyperparameter is a configuration option that is preset manually before model training begins, rather than learned from data. The central role is to control the learning process itself, as if setting a set of operating rules for the algorithm. For example, the learning...

Decision Tree (DT) is a tree-shaped predictive model that simulates the human decision-making process, classifying or predicting data through a series of rules. Each internal node represents a feature test, branches correspond to test results, and leaf nodes store the final decision. This algorithm uses a divide-and-conquer strategy...

Gradient Descent is the core optimization algorithm for solving function minimization. The algorithm determines the direction of descent by calculating the gradient of the function (the vector consisting of the partial derivatives of each), and iteratively updating the parameters according to the rule θ = θ - η - ∇J(θ).

Logistic Regression is a statistical learning method used to solve binary classification problems. The central goal is to predict the probability that a sample belongs to a particular category based on input features. The model maps the linear output to between 0 and 1 by linearly combining the eigenvalues using an S-shaped function...

Regularization is a core technique in machine learning and statistics to prevent model overfitting. Regularization controls the degree of fitting by adding a penalty term to the objective function that is related to the complexity of the model. Common forms include L1 and L2 regularization: the L1 produces sparse solutions and applies...

Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a deep learning model proposed by Ian Goodfellow et al. in 2014. The framework implements generative modeling by training two neural networks against each other...

Self-Attention is a key mechanism in deep learning, originally proposed and widely used in the Transformer architecture. The core idea is to allow the model to simultaneously attend to all positions in the input sequence, and compute each position by weighted aggregation of...

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is not an isolated algorithm, but an intelligent machine learning paradigm.

Diffusion Model (Diffusion Model) is a generative model specialized for creating new data samples such as images, audio or text. The core of the model is inspired by the process of diffusion in physics, which simulates the natural diffusion of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. In the machine...

Model fine-tuning (Fine-tuning) is a specific implementation of transfer learning in machine learning. The core process is based on pre-trained models, which utilize large-scale datasets to learn generic patterns and develop extensive feature extraction capabilities. The fine-tuning phase then introduces task-specific datasets to ...

Attention Mechanism (Attention Mechanism) is a computational technique that mimics human cognitive processes, initially applied in the field of machine translation, and later becoming an important part of deep learning.

The Transformer architecture is a deep learning model designed for processing sequence-to-sequence tasks such as machine translation or text summarization. The core innovation is the complete reliance on self-attention mechanisms, eschewing traditional loops or convolutional structures. Allowing the model to process all elements of a sequence in parallel, large...

Pre-trained Model is a fundamental and powerful technique in the field of Artificial Intelligence, representing machine learning models that are pre-trained on large-scale datasets. Models form a broad knowledge base by processing massive amounts of information and learning generalized patterns and features from the data...

Large Language Model (LLM) is a deep learning system trained on massive text data, with the Transformer architecture at its core. The self-attention mechanism of this architecture can effectively capture long-distance dependencies in language. The model's "large ...

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a recurrent neural network variant specialized in processing sequence data. In the field of artificial intelligence, sequence data is widely used in tasks such as time series prediction, natural language processing and speech recognition.

Federated Learning (FL) is an innovative machine learning approach first proposed by a Google research team in 2016 to address challenges in data privacy and distributed computing.

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is a neural network architecture designed for processing sequential data. Sequential data refers to a collection of data with temporal order or dependencies, such as linguistic text, speech signals, or time series.

Neural Network (NN) is a computational model inspired by the way neurons work in the biological brain.

AI fairness is the interdisciplinary field of ensuring that AI systems treat all individuals and groups in a fair and unbiased manner throughout their design, development, deployment, and operation lifecycle.

Meta-Learning, or learning how to learn, is an important branch of the machine learning field that focuses on developing learning algorithms that can quickly adapt to new tasks.

Artificial Intelligence Safety (AI Safety) is the cutting-edge interdisciplinary field of ensuring that AI systems, especially those that are increasingly powerful and autonomous, act reliably and predictably throughout their lifecycle in accordance with human intent, without harmful consequences.

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is an emerging learning paradigm in the field of machine learning, where the core idea is to automatically generate supervised signals from unlabeled data and train models to learn useful representations of the data.

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) is an intelligent system that exceeds human intelligence, with capabilities that surpass those of humans in all domains, including cognition, creativity, problem solving, and decision-making.

Transfer Learning (Transfer Learning) is an important branch in the field of machine learning, the core idea is to apply the knowledge learned from one task or domain to another related but different task or domain.

AI governance is a comprehensive framework covering technology, ethics, law, and society that effectively guides, manages, and oversees the entire lifecycle of AI systems-from design, development, deployment, and end use. The core goal is not to hinder technological innovation, but to ensure that the development and application of AI technologies begin...

Semi-supervised learning is an important branch in the field of machine learning, which uses a small amount of labeled data and a large amount of unlabeled data to co-train a model to improve the learning effect and generalization ability.

Unsupervised Learning (ULS) is an important branch of machine learning that focuses on processing data sets that are not pre-labeled.

Reinforcement learning is an important branch of machine learning that centers on allowing intelligences to autonomously learn how to make optimal decisions to maximize long-term cumulative rewards through continuous interaction with the environment.

Supervised learning is one of the most common and basic methods of machine learning, the core idea is to teach computer models how to make predictions or judgments through existing data sets with "correct answers".

Deep Learning (DL) is a branch of machine learning that centers on the use of multi-layer artificial neural networks to learn and represent complex patterns in data.

Artificial Intelligence Ethics (AI Ethics) is a cross-disciplinary field that examines the ethical principles, values and social responsibilities that should be followed in the development, deployment and use of AI systems.

In the era of booming artificial intelligence, AI tools have changed our lives and greatly boosted academic research and paper writing. In order to help users work and study more efficiently, this compilation carefully selects and introduces 15 cutting-edge free AI academic paper assistants.

Weak Artificial Intelligence (Narrow AI) is currently the dominant form of AI technology development in our real world. Weak AI is designed and trained to perform a specific, well-defined task with a level of intelligence that may surpass that of humans in that particular domain.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a core branch of computer science that aims to build theoretical and technological systems that can simulate, extend, and even surpass human intelligence, so that machines have the ability to learn, reason, perceive, and make decisions that usually require human intelligence to...

Generalized Artificial Intelligence (AGI) is intelligent systems that can understand, learn, reason, adapt and create like or even beyond humans on any cognitive task.

Explainable AI (XAI) is an overarching set of programs that encompasses concepts methods technologies and governance frameworks.

Digital Twin (Digital Twin) is a technology system for mirror modeling, dynamic mapping and full life cycle management of physical entities or complex systems with high precision, high fidelity and real-time two-way interaction in a virtual digital space.

Often friends ask if there are any tools for generating better quality PPTs. "Making PPT is harder than writing content!"

With the rapid development and wide application of large-scale language modeling technology, its potential security risks have increasingly become the focus of the industry's attention. In order to address these challenges, many of the world's top technology companies, standardization organizations and research institutions have constructed and released their own security frameworks. In this paper, we will analyze nine of the ...

As the application of artificial intelligence in the field of programming becomes more and more in-depth, many developers, after experiencing the convenience of AI-assisted programming, expect to be able to have a more understanding of their own needs of the "exclusive AI engineer". The core of this demand lies in the ability of AI to accurately follow the developer's personalized instructions...

Cue word You are a task execution expert, specializing in invoking multiple tools to complete the task at hand based on the user's needs. # Message Module Description - Must respond using tools (function calls), plain text responses are prohibited - Try to solve problems independently, use me...

Recently NotebookLM has been supported in Chinese, and it's one of the more recommended personal knowledge management tools among free products in my opinion. The two main features of NotebookLM are: citing accurate sources for questions and answers and generating podcasts of two-person conversations. Citing Accurate Sources...

A well-designed System Prompt is essential for users and developers who want to work efficiently with the Large Language Model (LLM). It acts as a well-prepared action plan and behavioral manual for the AI, directly affecting the quality of the AI's response...

Many users have observed that there seems to be a subtle but perceptible difference between the experience they get from calling Anthropic's Claude API directly and the official Claude web version. Much of this difference stems from the complex system prompts behind the web version (Sy...

Prompt Words I will give you a file to analyze the content and transform it into a beautiful and nice Chinese visualization web portfolio: ## Content Requirements - All page content must be in Simplified Chinese - Maintain the core information of the original file but present it in a more readable and visual way - Add at the bottom of the page...

Recently, Cursor, an AI-assisted programming tool, published a list of AI models favored by developers, and the data shows that the Claude 3.7 Sonnet model occupies the top position. This official data undoubtedly reflects the choice of a significant portion of developers. But this...

Background: n8n Challenges Integrating with the RAG Knowledge Base n8n is gaining traction as a powerful open source automated workflow tool. It was founded in 2019 by Jan Oberhauser, former visual designer of Pirates of the Caribbean, with the aim of...

BACKGROUND: OpenRouter and its Payment Options OpenRouter provides an integrated platform that allows developers and users to access a wide range of large language models from different providers through a unified API interface. For users wishing to utilize these advanced AI capabilities...

OpenRouter, a platform that aggregates APIs from many of the world's leading large language models, has recently made significant changes to its free usage policy and rate limiting. The platform is recognized for its ease of use - providing a single API key to call APIs including DeepSeek, Qw...

You are a senior developer that can help me with developing Dify Plugin Tool, which is an AI Agent T...

In the field of Large Language Modeling (LLM) research, the model's Leap-of-Thought ability, i.e., creativity, is no less important than the logical reasoning ability represented by Chain-of-Thought. However, the current LLM creativity ...

Mastering Claude Code: Hands-on Agentic Coding Tips from the Front Lines Claude Code is a command-line tool for Agentic Coding. By agentic coding, we mean giving AI a certain degree of autonomy...

Only tested on Gemini 2.5 Pro, note "must be run on inference model", performance Expanded text, 1000 words Expanded 2000 words or so Jubilee big model detects AI flavor is only up 22% or less, draw cards a few more times or for AI flavor...

The GPT-4.1 family of models provides significant improvements in coding, instruction adherence, and long context processing capabilities compared to GPT-4o. Specifically, it performs better on code generation and repair tasks, understands and executes complex instructions more accurately, and can efficiently handle longer input text...

Vibe Coding: code disappears, a new wave of intuition-driven software development? The exponential growth of generative artificial intelligence is reshaping industries, and software development is no exception. Around the beginning of 2025, a new wave of thinking began to take hold in Silicon Valley: the development of...

Since the release of the use of buttons that dream 3.0 model to facilitate the generation of articles with pictures and Chinese posters, a god for further optimization, you can generate the text as the main body of the picture, more suitable for use as an article cover, the following to share with you. Core prompt word is as follows The role of the prompt word is to generate for generating pictures...

Background: why you need public access n8n n8n is a powerful open source workflow automation tool that allows users to connect different applications and services to create automated processes. However, during use, many of n8n's App nodes (especially those involving third-party services granting...

For Headlines, WeChat Ask, Baike and more... Take Headline for example. 1. you may need an Android emulator (some platforms only allow operation in the APP, less efficient, recommended that the computer download Android emulator) 2. find the topic, to be answered questions Do not do this type of real-time message...

General Introduction serverless-qrcode-hub is an open source tool designed to solve the problem of frequent failure of QR codes in WeChat group chats. It is based on Cloudflare Workers and D1 databases , without the need for traditional servers to run ...

Recently, MCP (Model Calling Protocol) has become a high-frequency term in technical circles. Simply put, MCP is designed to simplify the process of using external tools or services for large language models (LLMs), significantly reducing the need for developers and users to build...

Traditional web crawler frameworks are versatile, but often require additional cleansing and formatting when processing data, which makes their integration with Large Language Models (LLMs) relatively complex. The output of many tools (e.g., raw HTML or unstructured JSON) contains a lot of noise and is not suitable for direct use...

Upload an avatar and enter the following prompts Prompts Create a new chibi sticker with six unique poses featuring the user's image: 1. scissor hands and playful winking; 2. tearful eyes and slightly quivering lips, presenting a cute crying...

Since trying to break through the Jubilee large model AI content detection, and released a technology article "washing" prompt words. The proportion of the above two recognized as "artificial" in Jubilee AI detection is not high. The reason is very simple, rewrite the article without destroying the original structure and information content of the premise, basically difficult to do over A...

Prompt word Remove the watermark from the image front text and icons, (other requirements)... # The following prompts have the same effect Remove the watermark from the image Where do I use it? Google AI Studi...

1. INTRODUCTION In today's information explosion, a large amount of knowledge is stored in the form of tables in web pages, Wikipedia and relational databases. However, traditional question and answer systems often struggle to handle complex queries across multiple tables, which has become a major challenge in the field of artificial intelligence. To address this challenge, researchers ...

With the popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) and various AI services, it is becoming increasingly common for developers to integrate these capabilities in their applications. However, directly invoking API endpoints from service providers such as OpenAI, Hugging Face, and others often brings with it a host of management...

Recently, various text-to-image (TTI) AI technologies are undergoing rapid iterations. However, both beginners and professional creators often face a challenge when utilizing these tools: how to translate the creative vision in their heads - whether clear or fuzzy - into a refined...

VS Code 1.99 Introduces Model Context Protocol Support Visual Studio Code (VS Code) officially introduces support for the Model Context Protocol (MCP) in its 1.99 release.

With the increasing abundance of digital information today, effectively capturing, organizing and utilizing web content has become a key skill. Many users who have tried tools such as Notion, Instapaper or Readwise may encounter incomplete content capture, inconvenient retrieval management...

That dream provides 3.0 image generation model quota is always not enough, today straight test will not be used up. And the daily use of that dream directly generate article cover is also somewhat inconvenient. So I thought of using the buckle in the reference that dream 3.0 image model (standard name is seedream3.0...).

Generate a photo of a female teacher wearing a tight professional outfit (OL style) lecturing in front of the blackboard, the whole just need the blackboard and the female teacher on the line, the female teacher is about 25 years old, wearing glasses, sexy body, looks in line with Asian aesthetics, the need for a realistic style, the blackboard is written on the "study well, every day up...

Among the many AI chatbots, DeepSeek is not only notable for its free access, but also for its outstanding ability to handle Chinese language tasks and assist in business analytics. As a powerful large-scale language model, DeepSeek's understanding of Chinese context...

Recently, MCP (Model Context Protocol) has garnered a lot of attention in the tech enthusiast and developer community. This technology aims to simplify the way Large Language Models (LLMs) interact with various external tools and services, promising to reshape the way we...

A fun and useful gpt-4o mapping prompt in a minimalist 3d illustration style. I've tested a few of them with consistent results, the last image is from the original push. When used properly, it should add a lot of points to materials (articles, websites, promotional materials). prom...

The popularization of Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) has brought opportunities for change in education, but it also comes with serious challenges, the most immediate of which is the impact on academic integrity.The ability of AI tools to generate text has blurred the boundaries of plagiarism in the traditional sense, creating unprecedented difficulties for educators...

ChatGPT is more than a simple conversation assistant, it provides more advanced features to help users systematically handle repetitive tasks and projects. This article will introduce Projects and GPTs (customized GPTs) in ChatGPT ...

Cue word A dramatic, front-facing close-up portrait of Hayao Miyazaki. The composition is perfectly symme...

Three.js is a tool that allows web pages to display "three-dimensional" images. Think of it like this: it provides a set of tools that allow developers to draw 3D shapes on web pages, such as cubes, spheres, etc. It also makes these 3D shapes move, so that they can be used for... It also allows these 3D shapes to move, which can be done...

PS: It is still quite convenient to generate Little Red Book note covers and multi-image notes. Prompt Words Create Pictures On top of an A4-sized piece of paper, write a Chinese monologue in pen and blue ink explaining the concept of the following passage. Use a red marker to scribble some marks on it to help others...

Prompt word example "Generate a seamless, paveable, hand-painted cobblestone road texture inspired by fantasy RPGs, featuring different sized stones and natural earth tones, suitable for gaming use and with high resolution." "Create a seamless, seamless metal surface texture...

Recently watched Ghibli Shinkai Makoto see vomit, play a little fun. Wojak style images in the future only more marketable. Not too stable, can be described in detail, such as: "image of the front character as a whole to maintain the existing character lines, contours, facial features, to maintain the background style remains unchanged, only the front character to turn...

As the capabilities of large-scale language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving, traditional benchmark tests, such as MMLU, are showing limitations in distinguishing top models. Relying on knowledge quizzes or standardized tests alone, it has become difficult to fully measure the nuanced capabilities of models that are crucial in real-world interactions, such as...

As AI-assisted software development grows in popularity, a key challenge has emerged: how to enable AI coding assistants to have the same cross-session "memory" as human developers, remembering and applying a project's coding specifications, preferences, particular processes, and even requirements details. Currently, the popular...

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving rapidly, and their reasoning ability has become a key indicator of their intelligence level. In particular, models with long reasoning capabilities, such as OpenAI's o1, DeepSeek-R1, QwQ-32B, and Kimi K1.5 ...